Encodes a protein specifically localized to the ER-PM boundary with similarity to synaptotagmins, a class of membrane trafficking proteins. SYT1 is expressed in all tissues. Loss of function mutations show hypersensitivity to NaCl and electrolyte leakage from the plasma membrane. SYT1 also affects calcium dependent freezing tolerance and mechanical stress response. Regulates endocytosis endosome recycling at the plasma membrane, but not membrane traffic along the secretory pathway. SYT1 may have a role in membrane repair such as membrane resealing after freezing induced damage. SYT1 binds to phosphatidylinositol phosphates in vitro. It is distributed to immobile tubules and likely plays an important role in the formation of the tubular ER network as well as in cellular ER-PM tethering.
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